Interleukin 1 (IL-1) includes two distinct proteins,IL-1alpha and IL-1beta,that play central roles in acute and chronic inflammation,both locally and systemically. Human IL-1beta is synthesized as a 269aa,3kD precursor protein (prepro-IL-1beta) that is cleaved by IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE) to the 153aa,17kD mature IL-1beta plus a prosegment. Some combination of the mature form,the prosegment and prepro-IL-1beta is released from the cell. IL-1beta is produced primarily by monocytes and macrophages but also by astrocytes,oligodendroglia,adrenal cortical cells,NK cells,endothelial cells,keratinocytes,megakaryocytes,platelets,neurons,neutrophils,osteoblasts,Schwann cells,trophoblasts,T cells,and fibroblasts. The most extensively studied function of IL-1 is initiation of inflammation. Bacterial endotoxin or a variety of non-microbial inflammatory substances induce production of IL-1,which is released into the local environment. IL-1 induces capillary endothelial cells to secrete chemokines (e.g. MCP-1) and to increase expression of cell adhesion molecules (e.g. E-selectin,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1).Sample Type:Cell culture supernatants,serum,plasma,and tissueIntended Use:The Human IL-1beta BioAssay ELISA Kit is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantitative detection of Human IL-1beta concentrations in cell culture supernatants,serum,plasma,and tissue.Sensitivity:4pg/mlRange:7.8-500pg/mlSpecificity:Recognizes human IL-1beta. There was no detectable cross reactivity with any of the tested proteins following IL-2,3,4,5,6,8,10,12,TNF,VEGF,TGF and IFN.Sample Volume:100ul/wellTest Principle:This assay employs the Sandwich immunoassay technique. An anti-h IL-1beta monoclonal coating antibody is adsorbed onto microwells. IL-1beta present in the sample or standard binds to antibodies adsorbed to the microwells. Following incubation unbound sample or standard are removed during a wash step. a Biotinylated anti-h IL-1beta antibody is added and binds to IL-1beta captured by the first antibody. Following incubation unbound Biotinylated anti-h IL-1beta antibody is removed during a wash step. A Streptavidin-HRP is added and binds to Biotinylated anti-h IL-1beta antibody. Following incubation unbound Streptavidin-HRP is removed during a wash step. A colored product is formed in proportion to the amount of IL-1beta present in the sample. The reaction is terminated by addition of acid and absorbance is measured at 450nm. A standard curve is prepared from seven IL-1beta standard dilutions and IL-1beta sample concentration determined.Kit Components:Aluminium pouches with a Microwell Plate: 8×6Standard: 1xVialBiotinylated antibody: 1xVialStreptavidin-HRP: 1xVialAssay Diluent (25ml/Vial): 1xVialWash Buffer Concentrate 20x (30ml/Vial): 1xVialTMB Substrate Solution: 1x6mlStop Solution (12ml/Vial): 1xVialPlate Covers- Adhesive strips: 2xstripsInstruction: 1xStorage and Stability:Store powder at 4°C liquid at -20°C. Store other components at 4°C. Stable for at least 6 months For maximum recovery of product,centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.